URBAN CHARACTERISTICS OF ADMINISTRATIVE CAPITAL CITIES DURING THE TWENTIETH AND TWENTY-FIRST CENTURIES

Rateb, Shereen; Elsayed, Yasser M.; Abozaied, Osama Abdelhady

doi:10.47436/jaars.2022.129264.1083

URBAN CHARACTERISTICS OF ADMINISTRATIVE CAPITAL CITIES DURING THE TWENTIETH AND TWENTY-FIRST CENTURIES

Document Type : Articles and research extracted from theses

Authors

¹ Department Of Architecture, Faculty of Fine Arts, Helwan University, Egypt

² Architecture Department, Faculty of Fine Arts, Helwan University, Egypt

³ Architecture, Faculty of Fine Arts, Helwan University, Egypt

10.47436/jaars.2022.129264.1083

Abstract

Most of the world’s population is concentrated in the Capital Cities because of its services and job opportunities, which sometimes leads to the capital’s dominance over the state and the centralization of services in it, as well as overcrowding and pressure on the infrastructure and the environmental damage resulting from pollution, For this reason, the concept of Administrative Capital Cities began to appear to cope with this to relocate the administrative functions outside the main capital city, and the relocation will be to another new Capital City that performs that function, which reduces the burden on the main Capital City.
The research aims to focus on this type of capital city to review the most important urban characteristics and features of these Administrative Capital Cities during the twentieth and twenty-first centuries, through an analysis of some of the experiences of the countries that went through that experience; Malaysia, South Korea, and Egypt.

Keywords

Main Subjects

Research in the fields of Architecture (Sustainable design, Urban planning, Modern Building, Conservation Restauration & Renovation, Housing, Integrated Urban Energy, Smart Cities, City Branding, Responsive Architecture)

References

المراجع الأجنبية

Agency, M. A. C. C. (2016). Progress Status in the Sejong City Program Management. Retrieved from

Alwehab, A. A., & Juvara, M. (2018). Planning and Design Attributes of Preplanned Postmodern Capital Cities: A Comparative Study. KnE Engineering, 208–224-208–224.

Campbell, S. (2000). Cold war metropolis: The fall and rebirth of Berlin as a world city. Retrieved March, 26, 2007.

Choi, H. S. S., & Reeve, A. (2015). Local identity in the form-production process, using as a case study the multifunctional administrative city project (Sejong) in South Korea. Urban Design International, 20(1), 66-78.

Consultants, C. (2017). THE GREEN RIVERINFO & SUMMARY. Retrieved 3 24, 2022, from https://cubeconsultants.org/portfolio/the-green-river-the-capital-cairo-2/

D'Arcy, B., Kim, L.-H., & Maniquiz-Redillas, M. (2017). Wealth Creation without Pollution: Designing for Industry, Ecobusiness Parks and Industrial Estates: IWA Publishing.

Economic, O. O. f., & Development, C.-o. a. (2014). Urban population by city size. Retrieved 3 19, 2022,from https://data.oecd.org/popregion/urban-population-by-city-size.htm

EL-Baz, M. A. M., Al-Maadawy, A. A.-T., & Elbadrawy, A. N. E.-d. (2020). The Architectural and Urban Formation of the New Cities Identity (Case Study: The New Administrative Capital).(Dept. A). MEJ. Mansoura Engineering Journal, 45(4), 86-95.

Geertman, S., Allan, A., Zhan, Q., & Pettit, C. (2019). Computational urban planning and management for smart cities: An introduction. Paper presented at the International conference on computers in urban planning and urban management.

Ghalib, H., El-Khorazaty, M. T., & Serag, Y. (2021). New capital cities as tools of development and nation-building: Review of Astana and Egypt’s new administrative capital city. Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 12(3), 3405-3409.

Hall, P. (2006). Seven types of capital city: Routledge.

Illmann, E. (2015). Reasons for relocating capital cities and their implications.

Ishenda, D. K., & Guoqing, S. (2019). Determinants in relocation of capital cities. Journal of Public Administration and Governance, 9(4), 200-220.

Kang, J. (2012). A Study on the Future Sustainability of Sejong, South Korea's Multifunctional Administrative City, Focusing on Implementation of Transit Oriented Development.

Kwon, Y. (2015). Sejong Si (City): Are TOD and TND models effective in planning Korea’s new capital? Cities, 42, 242-257.

Leem, Y., Han, H., & Lee, S. H. (2019). Sejong smart city: On the road to be a city of the future. Paper presented at the International Conference on Computers in Urban Planning and Urban Management.

Loo, Y. M. (2016). Architecture and urban form in Kuala Lumpur: Race and Chinese spaces in a postcolonial city: Routledge.

Moser, S. (2010). Putrajaya: Malaysia’s new federal administrative capital. Cities, 27(4), 285-297.

Mustafa, M. (2009). Public Art in the Federal Territory of Putrajaya: Questions of Value and Role. Wacana Seni Journal of Arts Discourse, 8.

Nasreldin, R., & Abdelfattah, D. (2020). Toward Biophilic Egyptian Cities. The Case of New Administrative Capital in Egypt. Journal of Urban Research, 35(1), 121-136.

Rossman, V. (2018). Capital cities: Varieties and patterns of development and relocation: Routledge.

Schatz, E. (2003). When capital cities move: The political geography of nation and state building.

Siong, H. C. (2006a). Lessons learned from planning of Putrajaya city–Administrative Centre of Malaysia. Paper presented at the Seminar UTMSIT Workshop, Shibaura Institute, Japan.

Siong, H. C. (2006b). Putrajaya–administrative Centre of Malaysia-planning concept and implementation. Paper presented at the Sustainable urban development and Governance conference.

Suh, S.-H. (2019). The National Atlas of Korea (Third Edition ed.). National Geography Information Institute (NGII).

Tran, L. (2010). In the Name of Utopia: The Case Study of Putrajaya, Malaysia's Planned Administrative Capital. University of Florida.

Zakaria, A. Z., Dali, M. M., & Hussein, H. (2019). Implementing the Malaysian Heritage Garden as the Identity for National Landscape: Case Study in Putrajaya.

المراجع العربية

أحمد, آ. ع. ا. ع. (2017). انعكاس التحولات السياسية لنقل العاصمة المصرية على

التنمية العمرانية. (رسالة ماجستير), جامعة حلوان, آلاء عبد المجيد علي أحمد.

الدايم, و. س. ع. ا. ع. (2017). مقومات نجاح المدن الجديدة كعواصم قومية. (رسالة ماجستير), جامعة المنوفية, كلية الهندسة.

السيد, س. ح. (2021). العاصمة الادارية العالمية و تناغم مع القاهرة ( العاصمة الابدية) لادارة جمهورية مصرية جديدة. المجلة الدولية للتنمية, المجلد العاشر, 155-163.

العمرانية, و. ا. و. و. (2017). العاصمة الإدارية الجديدة. تاريخ الاسترداد 25 3, 2022، http://www.mhuc.gov.eg/Programs/Index/132

الفتاح, م. ع. موسوعة البحث العلمي و إعداد الرسائل و الأبحاث و المؤلفات. الاسكندرية-مصر.

اللحام, ن. ر. (2011). نحو خلق مناطق تميز ومدن جديدة مستدامة بمصر- رؤية نقدية لتخطيط المدن الجديدة. لمركز الد ا رسات المستقبلية بمركز المعلومات ودعم اتخاذ القرار.

عاطف, م. (1983). علم الإجتماع الحضرى.مدخل نظرى. بيروت: دار النهضة العربية.

فرحات, ب. إ. ح. (2006). تأثير لامركزية الإدارة على التنمية العمرانية في مصر. (رسالة دكتوراه), جامعة عين شمس, كلية الهندسة.

نصر, ا. م. (2014). اسس تقييم البدائل العمرانية المقترحة للمدينة الادارية الجديدة فى اطار اقليم القاهرة الكبرى. (رسالة ماجستير), جامعة الازهر, كلية الهندسة.