الصورة النمطیة للمرأة المسلمة فی العالم الغربی: دعوة لمنظور جدید

نوع المستند : الأبحاث العلمیة المتخصصة

المؤلف

10.47436/jaars.2021.76046.1021

المستخلص

فی المجتمعات المحافظة، بما فی ذلک بلاد المشرق، یمکن القول أن المرأة هی أحد الاهتمامات الرئیسیة للمحافظین. تمثل المرأة فی المجتمعات الشرقیة، وخاصة ذات المیول الدینیة، ما یمکن أن نطلق علیه "الخصوصیة المقدسة". وبهذه الخصوصیة، کانت صورة المرأة الشرقیة.. لاسیما المسلمة.. فی عیون الفنانین الغربیین موضوعًا مثیرًا للجدل عبر تاریخ الفن الحدیث والمعاصر وتاریخ الاستعمار وکذلک عبر وسائل الإعلام المعاصرة حیث تُستخدَم فیها اللغة البصریة، وخاصة عندما یتم تجسید المرأة المسلمة فی صور مُربکة أو مسیئة أو نمطیة.
کإمرأة شرقیةمن داخل المجتمع، تهدف الباحثة إلى مناقشة هذا الموضوع الجدَلی: باستخدام أسلوب التأمل الذاتی، ستناقش وتحاول الإجابة على الأسئلة المطروحة بهذا البحث من خلال منهج فنی واجتماعی وتحلیلی ونقدی. الهدف هو عرض وجهات النظر المختلفة والتقریب بینها وتوضیح الالتباس فی فهم الآخر، من أجل الوصول الى رؤیة وسطیة مختلفة وللمساهمة فی خلق فرص أفضل للتعایش بین الشرق والغرب فی عالم من المفترض أن یکون واحدًا.

الكلمات الرئيسية

الموضوعات الرئيسية

المراجع

Alloula, M., Godzich, M., Godzich, W., & Harlow, B. (1986). The Colonial Harem. Minneapolis; London: University of Minnesota Press. doi:10.5749/j.ctttth83
Edward W. Saïd. Two books: (1978) Orientalism, Pantheon books, USA; (1985) Orientalism
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Hussein, Shakira. (2016). From Victims to Suspects:Muslim Women since 9/11. University of New South Wales Press.
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Additional contributing references to the deconstruction of Western stereotypes about the Muslim or Oriental woman
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- Mernissi, Fatema. (1975). Beyond the Veil: Male-Female Dynamics in a Muslim Society.
Also, (1994). Dreams of Trespass: Tales of A Harem Girlhood), Basic Books. And, (2001). Scheherazade Goes West: Different Cultures, Different Harems. Washigton Square Press.
- Mirza, Heidi Safia.  (2013). Muslim Women and Gender Stereotypes in ‘New Times’: From Multiculturalism to Islamophobia. The State of Race (book). Pages 96-117. Springer Link.
Retrievedfrom https://link.springer.com/book/10.1057/9781137313089
 
Additional references and resources about feminist Cinema in the Middle East
- Abdulaal, Mirna. (2019, May). Remembering Films by Faten Hamama Championing Women’s Rights. Retrieved from https://egyptianstreets.com/2019/05/27/remembering-4-films-by-faten-hamama-championing-womens-rights/
- Allam, Nouran. (2015, January). Five Movies That Reveal Social Issues Faced By Egyptian Women. Egyptian Streets. Arts & Culture. Retrieved from:
 https://egyptianstreets.com/2015/01/02/five-movies-that-reveal-social-issues-faced-by-egyptian-women/
- Ben Romdane, Sarah. (2018, September). A Guide to the Middle East's Most Important Feminist Films. Mille. Art & Culture.  Retrieved from https://www.milleworld.com/guide-middle-easts-important-feminist-films/
- Çetin, İclal. Middle Eastern Women Filmmakers of this Century. Review of Middle East Studies. Vol. 44, No. 1 (Summer 2010), pp. 54-59. Middle East Studies Association of North America (MESA). Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/41970320
- Hala Khalil. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hala_Khalil
- Ray, Shankhamala. (2012) Islamic Women in Films: Turning the Voyeurs into Spectators. Global Media Journal –University of Calcutta. Vol. 3/No.1. Retrieved from
https://www.caluniv.ac.in/global-mdia-journal/Students%27%20Research/SR3%20SANKHAMALA.pdf
- 'Shadia' scene. 'A bit of Fear' film. 1969. Retrieved from
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KH1be7Xbv-I
- 678 (Egyptian contemporary feminist film). Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/678_(film)
 
FIGURES REFERENCES
ART UK site. (2015, June) https://artuk.org/discover/artworks/egyptian-musician-35314
Odalisque with Slave. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Odalisque_with_Slave
25 Iconic Photos of Egypt’s January 25 Revolution Egyptian Streets. (2016, January)
https://egyptianstreets.com/2016/01/24/25-photos-of-egypts-january-25-revolution/
Arab Spring makes region poorer. The Daily Star. (2013, January)
https://www.dailystar.com.lb/Business/Middle-East/2013/Jan-15/202332-arab-spring-makes-region-$225-bln-poorer.ashx
EGYPT: On the First Year Anniversary of the Arab Spring, Egyptian Women Continue to Call for Real Change and Opportunities to Shape the Future. (2012, February). https://bit.ly/3hfMuHY
Life behind the veil. https://fineartamerica.com/featured/life-behind-the-veil-colin-dixon.html
Behind the Veil: Islam as a Political Identity in the Works of Contemporary Women Artists. Savanna Morrison. https://bit.ly/3bhm1Ga
Sport and 'hijab'. Reem Abulleil  - (2020, June). The National News site https://bit.ly/3f7ZgFK
Private collection of the researcher ©Zeinab Nour
Iranian Exile Shirin Neshat’s New Exhibition Expresses the Power of Art to Shape Political Discourse. Menachem Wecker . (2015, May). https://bit.ly/3bbVMRu
Same last reference link.
Postcolonialism and  its Discontents. A blog by Sara Salem. My thoughts on Femen & feminism.  (2012, October) https://saramsalem.wordpress.com/2012/10/26/my-thoughts-on-femen-feminism/
مجلة الفنون والعمارة للدراسات البحثية
المجلد 2، العدد 3 - الرقم المسلسل للعدد 3
المجلد 2 / العدد 3 - یونیو 2021
يونيو 2021
الصفحة 173-193

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